Secondary fluid current production apparatus



June 2, 1931. c. COUPARD 1,808,638

SECONDARY FLUID CURRENT PRODUCTION APPARATUS Filed March 9, 1928 3Sheets-Sheet 1 June Z, 1931. c. COUPARD 1,308,638

' SECONDARY FLUID CURRENT PRODUQTION APPARATUS Filed March 9. 1928 3Sheets-Sheet 2 June 2, 1931. c, COUPARD 1,808,638

SECONDARY FLUID CURRENT PRODUCTION APPARATUS Filed March'9, 1928' 3Sheets-'Sheet 3 Juan-few CHE/877A COUPJHD di-hr nu current and, moreparticularly,

45 to produce Patented June 2, 1931 y UNITED STATES PAT oFF-l cecnmsrmnGOUPARD, or mnrsrnnivon, ASSIGNOR TO soornrn ANONYME 'IION SCIENTIEIQUE,01* mars, manner.

nnsrmm 1 sEoonnAitY FLUID CURRENT rR-onUorIoN APPARATUS! Applicationfiled March e, 1928, Serial No.

The present invention relates to improvements in systems for utilizingthe dynamic effect of a main fluid current for increasing derived fluidthe velocity of a secondary or to improved ventilating systems adaptedtobeapplied to chimneys and the like. 1

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a novel type of draftproducing device of special form and dimensions, the latter bein sochosen asto utilize toa maximum the ynamic effect of fluid currentsexterior thereto.

Other objects will appear in the course of the detailed description nowto be given in connection with the accompanying drawings,

in which Fig. 1 shows, in elevation, a first constructive embodiment ofthe invention; .Fig. 2 represents an elevation of'a second form of theinvention Fig. 3 is an elevation of a third form of the invention; V i lFig. 4 illustrates in elevation a form of device having a plurality ofsmoke outlets; Fig; 5 is an elevation of a structure designed toincrease'the velocity of a propeller positioned in an air current; V

7 Figs. 6 to 8 are a series of elevations showing theinvention asapplied respectivelyto the ventilation of a house and ofan automobileand to prevent" theexti'nguishing of" a lantern; i Fig. 9 is a diagramshowing the eifective draft produced in a chimney by a device constructed in accordance with the invention un der varying operatingconditions. In the various figures ofthe drawing the main fluidcurrentis represented'by a' solid arrow while the secondary fluidcurrent, i. e.

the one resulting from the dynamic'eifect of the main current, isrepresented by an arrow indotted lines. U V a represents a pipe in whichit is desired a draft, said pipe being formed in the shape of a cylinderor of a. cone having its generatrix' inclined at substantially 7 to itsaxis,-b, a cylinder coaxialwith a and having one end thereof {slightlyoverlapping the latter,'c, (Fig. 1) 'strips attaching pipe 260,412, andin Belgiumr August 6, 1927. I

a andcylinderl) and formed so as to ofi'er a minimum of resistanceto theflow of fluids,-

elements 0 being replaced in Figs. 2 to 4 by radial supporting bracketsd,-and e, a capand which, in Figs. 1, 3' and 4, is made inn the form ofa flat disc supported on?) either whichvaries with the particularapplication by strips f (Fig; 1) or radial vanes g Fig; 2 lyingpreferably in the same plane as elements cand d respectively. j;

The dimensions and positi so chosen that, if V.

1) represents the interior diameter of a at its free extremity, i

- D the interior diameter of b, H the overall lengthof 6, H the overlapof b overa, 1.5D D 2.5D O.10II H 0.30H v -0.5OD H 'D a V where thesymbol indicates'-is less than.

Similarly, if Dg=the diameter'of cap-6,1

I 1 n'sofaandb are Y and H =the distance between eand b, the",

following conditions should be substantially fulfilled If H is given apredetermined value, c. g. f centlmeters, a series of curves such as isrepresented in Fig. 9 may be determined for of the air in pipe at and '0the velocity of the exterior air) .,and heights H as abscissae.

' Figs. 1 to 3 show the invention applied t a chimney having a singleoutlet. In Fig.4, main pipe a of the chimney is fitted with a pluralityof branches a formingan angle of any obliquitywith a. If desired, amaybe rotatably mounted, thus permitting "branches a to change positionwiththe wind.

Fig. 5 illustrates the inventionxapplied*to the rotation of a propellerit intended to furnish power. Here pipe at is mounted at right angles,and so as to project into aerodynamic chamber 2'. In this form of devicecap 6 is unnecessary and is, therefore, eliminated.

Fig. 6 merely shows that the invention is not limited to chimneys andthe like carrying hot gases but maybe applied equally well to a spacecontaining air at the same temperature '10 as the gas current producingthe draft.

In applyin the invention to an automobile or other closec movingveh1cle,1tis found that the direction of the ventilating current is.never reversed and takes .place always from the interior towardstheexterior, Similarly, 7 inolamptl shown in Fig. 8, the most violentgusts of wind fail to extinguished the'fiame. Obviously, the inventionis not limited to the particular devices hereinabove shown and Vdescribed, but maybe applied in a variety of other ways;flthus eitherthe primary or sec ondary currents may be liquid instead of gaseous ormay carry liquid or solidparticles in suspension. Similarly, pipe (1 andcylinder 6 may be given a polygonal or elliptical sec tion or may takethe form of any surface of revolution having, thereof cylindrical .cap 6may be conical 2) or spherical or spiral; element a or.

b or e or all three may be made of perforated 7 instead of solidmaterial; theaxis of element b maybe out of line with the axis of a;cylinders a and b may have the same diameter;

etc., etc. 1 o

If element?) is given some other shape than that of a cylinder and pipea remains c1rcu lar in section, the following relation should A the freeextremity of a.

ingrelations shouldbe fulfilled.

I WhereS=the area of a section taken at .S =the area of a-section takenI at either extremity of b,

' S '=the area of a section taken at the free end of cape (case where eis hemispherical,

conical or other shape) H=th ns 9 6 )referably, a portionv ,a'odistanceH having an opening extremity of section S v within the limits definedbythe following e'x-.

H =the distance separating 6 and-e, and V=the volume ofb.

Whatever may be the form of elements of a and 6 their sections shouldpreferably have the values, 7

S1; S- l/Vhat I claim is 1. A device ofthe class D and a length H'mounted on one'end of said pipe so as to present an overlapping por- 1described comprising a pipe having an extremity of diameter D, acylindrical element having a diameter tion of a length H and awcap ofdiameter D mounted at a distance H from said cylindrical element,:'saiddimensions'D, D D

H, H and H satisfying the relations 2D is greater than 3D and is lessthan" 5D 10H is greater than H and is less than 3H 2H is greater than Dand is lessthan 2D is greater than 3D and isless' than 6D 4H is greaterthan 3D and is less than6D. i f 2. A device of the class describedcomprising a pipe having an extremity of diame- V ter D, a cylindricalelement having a diameter D and a length H mounted on one end of saidpipe'so as to present an overlapping portion of a length H and a cap, ofdiame ter D mounted at a distance H; from said; Y

cylindrical element,said dimensions D, D D H, H and H satisfying therelations 20D is greater than 33D; and is less than 38D o o 20H isgreater than 13D and is lessthan 18D 4D is greater than 9D'and is lessthan 11D 8H is greater than? D and is less than9D. 3. In a deviceof theclass described,a pipe having an extremity of sectional area S, a hollowmember of length H fland volume V mounted on said pipe-and presenting asection having an area S and a cap spaced at fromsaid hollow member andsaid dimensions S, S S H,

pressions: four timesarea S is greater than .ni'netimes area S. and isless than twenty-five times area S dimension H is greater than theradius ofa circle having an area S and is less than twice the radius ofa'circle having an area S ;,two times area S is greater than two 7 timesarea S and is'less than three times area S twenty times dlmenslon H is1greater thanfive times the radius of a circle having an area S andisless than six times the radius.

of a circle having an area S the volume V side equal to the diameterlofa circle having volume of a cube having a sideequal tothe diameter ofa circle having an area S.

4. A' device of the class described compris I 10H is greater than 2Handis lessithan 3H' is greater than the volume of a cube having a;

- an area S and-is less than five times the V ing apipe having anextremity of diameter I D, a cylindrical element having adiameter 1 .anda length H mounted on one end of 7 said pipe so as to present an overlaiping pormy hand.

CHRISTIAN GOUPARD.

